passwd

This will ask you for the new password twice.

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mysql_fix_privilege_tables — Upgrade MySQL System Tables

Some releases of MySQL introduce changes to the structure of the system tables in the mysql database to add new privileges or support new features. When you update to a new version of MySQL, you should update your system tables as well to make sure that their structure is up to date. Otherwise, there might be capabilities that you cannot take advantage of. First, make a backup of your mysql database, and then use the following procedure.

On Unix or Unix-like systems, update the system tables by running the mysql_fix_privilege_tables script:

shell> mysql_fix_privilege_tables

You must run this script while the server is running. It attempts to connect to the server running on the local host as root. If your root account requires a password, indicate the password on the command line. For MySQL 4.1 and up, specify the password like this:

shell> mysql_fix_privilege_tables --password=root_password

Prior to MySQL 4.1, specify the password like this:

shell> mysql_fix_privilege_tables root_password

The mysql_fix_privilege_tables script performs any actions necessary to convert your system tables to the current format. You might see some Duplicate column name warnings as it runs; you can ignore them.

After running the script, stop the server and restart it.

On Windows systems, there isn’t an easy way to update the system tables until MySQL 4.0.15. From version 4.0.15 on, MySQL distributions include a mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql SQL script that you can run using the mysql client. For example, if your MySQL installation is located at C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 4.1, the commands look like this:

C:\> cd "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 4.1"
C:\> bin\mysql -u root -p mysql
mysql> SOURCE scripts/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql

The mysql command will prompt you for the root password; enter it when prompted.

If your installation is located in some other directory, adjust the pathnames appropriately.

As with the Unix procedure, you might see some Duplicate column name warnings as mysql processes the statements in the mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql script; you can ignore them.

After running the script, stop the server and restart it.

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Stop the server if it’s running (use mysqladmin shutdown).

Change the database directories and files so that user_name has privileges to read and write files in them (you might need to do this as the Unix root user):

shell> chown -R user_name /path/to/mysql/datadir

If you do not do this, the server will not be able to access databases or tables when it runs as user_name.

If directories or files within the MySQL data directory are symbolic links, you’ll also need to follow those links and change the directories and files they point to. chown -R might not follow symbolic links for you.

Start the server as user user_name. If you are using MySQL 3.22 or later, another alternative is to start mysqld as the Unix root user and use the –user=user_name option. mysqld starts up, then switches to run as the

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If you encounter a kernel panic, you may see a message on your screen that looks something like this:

Kernel panic – not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)

This message indicates the reason for the panic and some technical details. However, it may not be very helpful for troubleshooting the problem. Therefore, you should try to gather more information from other sources, such as log files, boot messages, or diagnostic tools.

Depending on the severity of the problem, you may be able to fix it by rebooting the system, updating the software, repairing the file system, or replacing the faulty hardware. However, some cases may require more advanced steps, such as reinstalling the operating system or restoring from a backup.

A kernel panic is a rare and unpleasant event, but it does not mean that your system is doomed. With some patience and research, you may be able to resolve it and prevent it from happening again. Remember that Hivelocity’s team is there 24/7 to assist with any technical issues you’re experiencing with your servers.

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